Chapter 1308
Similarities and Differences
Chapter 1308 Similarities and Differences
Although Qiu Yuan is not an official in charge of immigration affairs, he has access to a relatively high level of information, and he is very clear about Haihan's methods of obtaining immigrants in the past few years.At the beginning of Haihan's founding of the country, it relied on serving as a mercenary to assist the Annan royal family to quell the chaos, in exchange for a large number of Annan immigrants in return.After the Denglai Rebellion broke out in the north of the Ming Dynasty, Haihan also took full advantage of this opportunity and brought back a large number of war refugees from the local area.These two large-scale immigration operations alone have brought tens of thousands of people to Haihan, and the cost of recruiting immigrants is much lower than that of daily recruitment. As long as there are boats and food, immigrants can be continuously moved in. In Qiu Yuan's opinion, such an immigration plan is naturally the most cost-effective method.
Of course, Qiu Yuan was not from the military, and he didn't have a clear idea of how much money and time it would take to start a war.He believes that overseas wars can bring a large number of cheap people to Haihan, but whether participating in it is beneficial to Haihan country, the decision makers of the Executive Committee must not only consider the population issue, but must also consider the international relationship impact.Otherwise, the Leizhou Peninsula, which is only separated from Hainan Island by a strait, would have been taken by Hai Han as Qiu Yuan said.
Qiu Yuan is a more pragmatic person. During the brief talk, he briefly introduced the recent development of Haikou, and then invited the inspection team to visit some key local projects.This is basically a routine task for the inspection team wherever they go, and everyone is accustomed to such an arrangement.
The local basic industry in Haikou is still dominated by agriculture, of which planting and fishery occupy the majority.Similar to other places in Haihan, there are also a large number of collective farms and plantations in the jurisdiction of Haikou City. Almost all kinds of economic crops that have been grown on a large scale on Hainan Island can be found here.The abundant water resources in the Nandu River Basin provide excellent natural conditions for farmland irrigation, and the plain area in the east of the Yangtze River has become one of the main grain-producing areas on Hainan Island.
"Last year, about one-third of the grain stored in our country was produced in Haikou. I believe that this proportion will further increase after thousands of acres of rice fields have been reclaimed this year." Qiu Yuan proudly introduced the local food to the visitors. Food production status: "If you can stay here for a few more days, I'm going to take you to the Jiangdong area to see the farms there. There are endless farmlands in sight. The scenery in this season is still very spectacular."
Yu Xiaobao replied: "I'm afraid the schedule is a bit tight. We stayed in Danzhou for three more days, and the rest of the schedule will be affected. If we delay here for too long, we won't be able to return to Sanya for a business trip as scheduled. gone."
Liu Shang felt relieved when he heard this, he could return to Sanya earlier, and his psychological pressure could be slightly relieved.Although Haikou's agricultural development sounds impressive, Liu Shang believes that it is just a larger planting scale, which is essentially not much different from the agricultural development model in other places on the island.
Liu Shang did gain a lot of knowledge during his trip. In the past, he only knew the operation method of the small-scale peasant economic model. After seeing it in various places in Haihan, he realized the power of this large-scale operation. Its development and operation costs It is much lower than the traditional model, and it is easier to control the social group of farmers.
Although Haihan's high-level officials are all shouting "industrialization", in fact this is still an agriculture-based country, but the production efficiency is much higher than that of traditional agricultural countries like Daming.And the group that constitutes the main force of society still occupies the majority of the agricultural population.A large part of the civil strife that Daming is currently facing is the loss of control over the agricultural population, which has led to civil wars.And Haihan has done an excellent job in this regard. Through a series of systems and policies such as land, agricultural development, and national labor levels, the agricultural population is firmly bound to national interests.
Liu Shang's ability to interpret specific policies is limited, and he doesn't fully understand some of Haihan's administrative intentions, but after reading it in various places, he has been able to clearly realize that the grassroots agricultural population of Haihan State is much better than Daming's in terms of daily life. Farmers are much more stable.Although it is impossible to get rich overnight, it will never lead to the loss of life due to food production reduction or social unrest, or even the end of family ruin and fleeing from home.
Compared with the turbulent Ming Dynasty in recent years, the people of Haihan do not need to worry about natural and man-made disasters such as wars, plagues, droughts and floods, excessive expropriation, and such a stable environment. Resist the temptation.Among the common people, there are very few cases where people moved back to Daming after coming to Haihan.Even Liu Shang himself, after enjoying a comfortable and comfortable life and fast and convenient transportation in various parts of Haihan, has to admit that Haihan's social system does have its advantages, and it is difficult to simply imitate.
Liu Shang didn't understand. Since both countries are agricultural countries, why is there such a big social gap?Why is the accumulation of more than [-] years since the founding of the Ming Dynasty not as good as the development achievements of this island country in the South China Sea in only [-] years?Although the Haihan people are indeed smart and capable, he has seen many pure-blooded Haihan people these days, and they don't look like living gods. They eat, drink, and sleep like ordinary people. So many high-ranking officials with salaries in the Ming court can't do what the barbarians can do?
As for the similarities and differences between the two countries in terms of political system and social system, Liu Shang has actually noticed through observation, but with his political accomplishment and knowledge level, it is impossible to think of interpreting the differences between the two countries from the perspective of production relations.And this is exactly the dilemma that Daming is currently facing - he already knows where the gap between himself and Haihan is, but he just doesn't understand the root cause of these gaps.
Haihan's daily publicity is to advocate how wise the executive committee is, but in Liu Shang's view, the role of the executive committee is actually not much different from the operation of the Ming cabinet, that is, there is only one emperor who makes the final decision at the top. .But why is it that Haihan's effect is so much better than Daming's in governing through a multi-person deliberative body?Could it be the problem of the person above who made the decision?Liu Shang didn't dare to think about this rebellious direction. If such words were said in some sensitive environment, it would most likely be a serious crime that would kill his head.
During the conversation, the convoy has arrived at the first place to visit, a collective farm on the bank of the Nandu River, south of Haikou City.The crops planted here are mainly rice. The entire farm has an area of more than [-] mu of arable land. There are more than [-] farmers belonging to the farm, and the per capita arable land is almost [-] mu.However, considering that the actual labor force is actually only slightly more than half of the population, the farming efficiency is not bad.
At present, rice cultivation in Haikou has two seasons a year. The first season is transplanting around Qingming, harvested in mid-to-late June, and the second season is transplanted in July, harvested in mid-to-late October.At this moment, the transplanting of the second season has long been completed, and everywhere you look is green, which is very eye-catching.
The person who accompanied him was the steward of the local collective farm, an immigrant from Zhejiang, surnamed Zeng, who looked to be 60 or [-] years old, and Qiu Yuan called him "Old Zengtou".Although Lao Zengtou spoke Haihan Mandarin, his accent still had a distinct taste of Wu Nong's soft language.Yu Xiaobao listened to his introduction of the first rice harvest in the first half of the year, and suddenly asked an irrelevant question: "Old Zengtou, how long have you been in Haihan?"
Old Zeng replied: "Looking back at the words of the chief, the villain was Chongzhen six years... that is, the year before last, he immigrated from Ningbo Prefecture, Zhejiang Province, and has been in Hainan Island for more than two years now."
In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), Haihan sent troops to Zhejiang in April of that year to attack the Zhoushan Islands.After gaining a foothold on the coast of Zhejiang, they began to recruit a large number of immigrants from the local area, and most of them were later transported to Hainan Island for resettlement.In this way, Lao Zengtou can be regarded as an early immigrant from Zhejiang.
Yu Xiaobao asked again: "How is life here compared to when you were in Zhejiang?"
Old Zengtou replied: "The villain is stupid. If you say the wrong thing, don't blame the chief. When it comes to food and clothing, and various welfares for the citizens, the conditions in our Haihan country are more favorable. It's just that this land is owned by the state. , private people can only contract, not buy and sell, and many newcomers still have some opinions on this."
Yu Xiaobao nodded, changed the subject and asked, "Why did you leave your hometown and come to Haihan so far away?"
Old Zengtou said: "The villain's wife is suffering from a serious disease, and the cost of treatment is very high. The villain's family has no money, so he can only mortgage the land under his name and borrow money from the landlord to treat her illness. Later, the wife was still not cured, and the man left without money and land. The villain can do nothing but farm. Without the land, he can only work as a long-term worker for the landlord. Later, he heard the propaganda for recruiting immigrants to come to Haihan The house and the land can be divided, and the villain thought about it, so he simply took the two children on the immigration ship."
"Then after you came, did you get the house and land?" Yu Xiaobao continued to ask.
Old Zengtou said: "The executive committee's decree can be false, of course the villain got it! But the house and the land are also owned by the state. The house can be lived in, and the land can be planted, but they cannot be traded."
"These are benefits given to immigrants by the state, and of course they cannot be used by private individuals for profit." Yu Xiaobao paused and said, "If land can be bought and sold privately, new landlords will appear soon and land mergers will continue. , new immigrants like you will soon lose the land and property under their name. The state-owned system of land is a kind of protection for new immigrants by the state, and it is also a kind of welfare. Can you get the right to cultivate [-] acres of arable land on a per capita basis? You farm for the country, and the country will give you living security. Even if you need money urgently at home, you can borrow money directly from the bank without you needing to mortgage anything. The interest rate is also much lower than private borrowing. When you save enough money, you can buy a house in the urban area by yourself. If you want to buy or sell the house, no one will take care of it. If you think about it carefully, this state-owned real estate is beneficial to you. Or is it a big disadvantage?"
Old Zengtou quickly replied: "The villain naturally understands that the country is for the sake of the people, but no chief can explain it so clearly, and when he meets newcomers who can't figure it out later, the villain will also relay to them the principles that the chief said today. .”
Only then did Yu Xiaobao nod his head. This old Zeng Tou seemed a little clumsy, but he was not stupid at all, he already understood the meaning of what he said.The nationalization of land is a special policy of Haihan’s founding period. Haihan must use this to achieve full control of Hainan Island. However, this special policy is not particularly acceptable to new immigrants. Therefore, regarding the land system The publicity instructions have always been the key work content of relevant departments.
The reason why Haihan implements such a policy is of course not as simple as Yu Xiaobao said, but for the agricultural population who are not highly educated but highly dependent on land, this explanation is enough.What's more, the [-] mu of land promised to be allocated to the resettlers is actually divided into several rotations, and it is not bad to cultivate [-] mu of land every year.
Liu Shang naturally listened to this conversation, and he didn't accept Yu Xiaobao's explanation so highly.In his opinion, Haihan's land policy is just to change the name of ownership of the king's land in the world and the land of the land to the country. This is because there is no royal family in Haihan, so this name is natural. It cannot be attributed to any one person.As for land use rights, Haihan's laws and policies are not as strict as it seems, otherwise it would be impossible for so many foreign investors to develop and build agricultural projects such as plantations in Haihan.As long as there is capital, private individuals can also contract a large amount of land for self-development, but the land ownership still belongs to the state in name.
I have to say that Liu Shang's views on this issue are quite essential, and they are more thorough than most new immigrants.Of course, this is also related to the relatively high level of people and things he has come into contact with during this period of time. If he has not broadened his horizons and increased his knowledge, then his views on this issue may not be much better than that of old Zengtou. go.
The food produced by this collective farm is mainly supplied to the local market, and the fruits of the labor of more than 400 people are enough to feed nearly ten times the population.Moreover, rice is not the only thing in their farmland. Haihan has long promoted the technology of raising fish in rice fields among the people. The grass carp raised can be eaten by themselves or sent to the market for sale. It is a relatively affordable and simple method for farmers. Easy-to-operate production increase projects.
After looking at the farmland, Lao Zengtou took the inspection team to visit the residential area of the farm. The houses here are all built and distributed by the government. Although they are all ordinary farmyards, they are provided free of charge. In the original hometown of the immigrants, there would not be such a good treatment.
(End of this chapter)
Although Qiu Yuan is not an official in charge of immigration affairs, he has access to a relatively high level of information, and he is very clear about Haihan's methods of obtaining immigrants in the past few years.At the beginning of Haihan's founding of the country, it relied on serving as a mercenary to assist the Annan royal family to quell the chaos, in exchange for a large number of Annan immigrants in return.After the Denglai Rebellion broke out in the north of the Ming Dynasty, Haihan also took full advantage of this opportunity and brought back a large number of war refugees from the local area.These two large-scale immigration operations alone have brought tens of thousands of people to Haihan, and the cost of recruiting immigrants is much lower than that of daily recruitment. As long as there are boats and food, immigrants can be continuously moved in. In Qiu Yuan's opinion, such an immigration plan is naturally the most cost-effective method.
Of course, Qiu Yuan was not from the military, and he didn't have a clear idea of how much money and time it would take to start a war.He believes that overseas wars can bring a large number of cheap people to Haihan, but whether participating in it is beneficial to Haihan country, the decision makers of the Executive Committee must not only consider the population issue, but must also consider the international relationship impact.Otherwise, the Leizhou Peninsula, which is only separated from Hainan Island by a strait, would have been taken by Hai Han as Qiu Yuan said.
Qiu Yuan is a more pragmatic person. During the brief talk, he briefly introduced the recent development of Haikou, and then invited the inspection team to visit some key local projects.This is basically a routine task for the inspection team wherever they go, and everyone is accustomed to such an arrangement.
The local basic industry in Haikou is still dominated by agriculture, of which planting and fishery occupy the majority.Similar to other places in Haihan, there are also a large number of collective farms and plantations in the jurisdiction of Haikou City. Almost all kinds of economic crops that have been grown on a large scale on Hainan Island can be found here.The abundant water resources in the Nandu River Basin provide excellent natural conditions for farmland irrigation, and the plain area in the east of the Yangtze River has become one of the main grain-producing areas on Hainan Island.
"Last year, about one-third of the grain stored in our country was produced in Haikou. I believe that this proportion will further increase after thousands of acres of rice fields have been reclaimed this year." Qiu Yuan proudly introduced the local food to the visitors. Food production status: "If you can stay here for a few more days, I'm going to take you to the Jiangdong area to see the farms there. There are endless farmlands in sight. The scenery in this season is still very spectacular."
Yu Xiaobao replied: "I'm afraid the schedule is a bit tight. We stayed in Danzhou for three more days, and the rest of the schedule will be affected. If we delay here for too long, we won't be able to return to Sanya for a business trip as scheduled. gone."
Liu Shang felt relieved when he heard this, he could return to Sanya earlier, and his psychological pressure could be slightly relieved.Although Haikou's agricultural development sounds impressive, Liu Shang believes that it is just a larger planting scale, which is essentially not much different from the agricultural development model in other places on the island.
Liu Shang did gain a lot of knowledge during his trip. In the past, he only knew the operation method of the small-scale peasant economic model. After seeing it in various places in Haihan, he realized the power of this large-scale operation. Its development and operation costs It is much lower than the traditional model, and it is easier to control the social group of farmers.
Although Haihan's high-level officials are all shouting "industrialization", in fact this is still an agriculture-based country, but the production efficiency is much higher than that of traditional agricultural countries like Daming.And the group that constitutes the main force of society still occupies the majority of the agricultural population.A large part of the civil strife that Daming is currently facing is the loss of control over the agricultural population, which has led to civil wars.And Haihan has done an excellent job in this regard. Through a series of systems and policies such as land, agricultural development, and national labor levels, the agricultural population is firmly bound to national interests.
Liu Shang's ability to interpret specific policies is limited, and he doesn't fully understand some of Haihan's administrative intentions, but after reading it in various places, he has been able to clearly realize that the grassroots agricultural population of Haihan State is much better than Daming's in terms of daily life. Farmers are much more stable.Although it is impossible to get rich overnight, it will never lead to the loss of life due to food production reduction or social unrest, or even the end of family ruin and fleeing from home.
Compared with the turbulent Ming Dynasty in recent years, the people of Haihan do not need to worry about natural and man-made disasters such as wars, plagues, droughts and floods, excessive expropriation, and such a stable environment. Resist the temptation.Among the common people, there are very few cases where people moved back to Daming after coming to Haihan.Even Liu Shang himself, after enjoying a comfortable and comfortable life and fast and convenient transportation in various parts of Haihan, has to admit that Haihan's social system does have its advantages, and it is difficult to simply imitate.
Liu Shang didn't understand. Since both countries are agricultural countries, why is there such a big social gap?Why is the accumulation of more than [-] years since the founding of the Ming Dynasty not as good as the development achievements of this island country in the South China Sea in only [-] years?Although the Haihan people are indeed smart and capable, he has seen many pure-blooded Haihan people these days, and they don't look like living gods. They eat, drink, and sleep like ordinary people. So many high-ranking officials with salaries in the Ming court can't do what the barbarians can do?
As for the similarities and differences between the two countries in terms of political system and social system, Liu Shang has actually noticed through observation, but with his political accomplishment and knowledge level, it is impossible to think of interpreting the differences between the two countries from the perspective of production relations.And this is exactly the dilemma that Daming is currently facing - he already knows where the gap between himself and Haihan is, but he just doesn't understand the root cause of these gaps.
Haihan's daily publicity is to advocate how wise the executive committee is, but in Liu Shang's view, the role of the executive committee is actually not much different from the operation of the Ming cabinet, that is, there is only one emperor who makes the final decision at the top. .But why is it that Haihan's effect is so much better than Daming's in governing through a multi-person deliberative body?Could it be the problem of the person above who made the decision?Liu Shang didn't dare to think about this rebellious direction. If such words were said in some sensitive environment, it would most likely be a serious crime that would kill his head.
During the conversation, the convoy has arrived at the first place to visit, a collective farm on the bank of the Nandu River, south of Haikou City.The crops planted here are mainly rice. The entire farm has an area of more than [-] mu of arable land. There are more than [-] farmers belonging to the farm, and the per capita arable land is almost [-] mu.However, considering that the actual labor force is actually only slightly more than half of the population, the farming efficiency is not bad.
At present, rice cultivation in Haikou has two seasons a year. The first season is transplanting around Qingming, harvested in mid-to-late June, and the second season is transplanted in July, harvested in mid-to-late October.At this moment, the transplanting of the second season has long been completed, and everywhere you look is green, which is very eye-catching.
The person who accompanied him was the steward of the local collective farm, an immigrant from Zhejiang, surnamed Zeng, who looked to be 60 or [-] years old, and Qiu Yuan called him "Old Zengtou".Although Lao Zengtou spoke Haihan Mandarin, his accent still had a distinct taste of Wu Nong's soft language.Yu Xiaobao listened to his introduction of the first rice harvest in the first half of the year, and suddenly asked an irrelevant question: "Old Zengtou, how long have you been in Haihan?"
Old Zeng replied: "Looking back at the words of the chief, the villain was Chongzhen six years... that is, the year before last, he immigrated from Ningbo Prefecture, Zhejiang Province, and has been in Hainan Island for more than two years now."
In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), Haihan sent troops to Zhejiang in April of that year to attack the Zhoushan Islands.After gaining a foothold on the coast of Zhejiang, they began to recruit a large number of immigrants from the local area, and most of them were later transported to Hainan Island for resettlement.In this way, Lao Zengtou can be regarded as an early immigrant from Zhejiang.
Yu Xiaobao asked again: "How is life here compared to when you were in Zhejiang?"
Old Zengtou replied: "The villain is stupid. If you say the wrong thing, don't blame the chief. When it comes to food and clothing, and various welfares for the citizens, the conditions in our Haihan country are more favorable. It's just that this land is owned by the state. , private people can only contract, not buy and sell, and many newcomers still have some opinions on this."
Yu Xiaobao nodded, changed the subject and asked, "Why did you leave your hometown and come to Haihan so far away?"
Old Zengtou said: "The villain's wife is suffering from a serious disease, and the cost of treatment is very high. The villain's family has no money, so he can only mortgage the land under his name and borrow money from the landlord to treat her illness. Later, the wife was still not cured, and the man left without money and land. The villain can do nothing but farm. Without the land, he can only work as a long-term worker for the landlord. Later, he heard the propaganda for recruiting immigrants to come to Haihan The house and the land can be divided, and the villain thought about it, so he simply took the two children on the immigration ship."
"Then after you came, did you get the house and land?" Yu Xiaobao continued to ask.
Old Zengtou said: "The executive committee's decree can be false, of course the villain got it! But the house and the land are also owned by the state. The house can be lived in, and the land can be planted, but they cannot be traded."
"These are benefits given to immigrants by the state, and of course they cannot be used by private individuals for profit." Yu Xiaobao paused and said, "If land can be bought and sold privately, new landlords will appear soon and land mergers will continue. , new immigrants like you will soon lose the land and property under their name. The state-owned system of land is a kind of protection for new immigrants by the state, and it is also a kind of welfare. Can you get the right to cultivate [-] acres of arable land on a per capita basis? You farm for the country, and the country will give you living security. Even if you need money urgently at home, you can borrow money directly from the bank without you needing to mortgage anything. The interest rate is also much lower than private borrowing. When you save enough money, you can buy a house in the urban area by yourself. If you want to buy or sell the house, no one will take care of it. If you think about it carefully, this state-owned real estate is beneficial to you. Or is it a big disadvantage?"
Old Zengtou quickly replied: "The villain naturally understands that the country is for the sake of the people, but no chief can explain it so clearly, and when he meets newcomers who can't figure it out later, the villain will also relay to them the principles that the chief said today. .”
Only then did Yu Xiaobao nod his head. This old Zeng Tou seemed a little clumsy, but he was not stupid at all, he already understood the meaning of what he said.The nationalization of land is a special policy of Haihan’s founding period. Haihan must use this to achieve full control of Hainan Island. However, this special policy is not particularly acceptable to new immigrants. Therefore, regarding the land system The publicity instructions have always been the key work content of relevant departments.
The reason why Haihan implements such a policy is of course not as simple as Yu Xiaobao said, but for the agricultural population who are not highly educated but highly dependent on land, this explanation is enough.What's more, the [-] mu of land promised to be allocated to the resettlers is actually divided into several rotations, and it is not bad to cultivate [-] mu of land every year.
Liu Shang naturally listened to this conversation, and he didn't accept Yu Xiaobao's explanation so highly.In his opinion, Haihan's land policy is just to change the name of ownership of the king's land in the world and the land of the land to the country. This is because there is no royal family in Haihan, so this name is natural. It cannot be attributed to any one person.As for land use rights, Haihan's laws and policies are not as strict as it seems, otherwise it would be impossible for so many foreign investors to develop and build agricultural projects such as plantations in Haihan.As long as there is capital, private individuals can also contract a large amount of land for self-development, but the land ownership still belongs to the state in name.
I have to say that Liu Shang's views on this issue are quite essential, and they are more thorough than most new immigrants.Of course, this is also related to the relatively high level of people and things he has come into contact with during this period of time. If he has not broadened his horizons and increased his knowledge, then his views on this issue may not be much better than that of old Zengtou. go.
The food produced by this collective farm is mainly supplied to the local market, and the fruits of the labor of more than 400 people are enough to feed nearly ten times the population.Moreover, rice is not the only thing in their farmland. Haihan has long promoted the technology of raising fish in rice fields among the people. The grass carp raised can be eaten by themselves or sent to the market for sale. It is a relatively affordable and simple method for farmers. Easy-to-operate production increase projects.
After looking at the farmland, Lao Zengtou took the inspection team to visit the residential area of the farm. The houses here are all built and distributed by the government. Although they are all ordinary farmyards, they are provided free of charge. In the original hometown of the immigrants, there would not be such a good treatment.
(End of this chapter)